Since 1 January 2026, you must pass the civic exam to obtain a first resident card. It covers values, institutions, rights and duties, history and daily life in France.
Yes, for a first resident card since 1 January 2026. It is not required for a renewal.
Notably people over 65 and people whose disability or health makes the assessment impossible, with a medical certificate. Check your case on service-public.fr.
Yes: a pass with the resident card mention also counts for the multi-year residence permit.